Central line
A tiny tube (IV line) that is placed into a large (central) vein in the body to make it easier to take medicines.

CF-related diabetes (CFRD)
A type of diabetes found in CF patients that results when the pancreas doesn't work properly.  If you have CFRD, it is important to control your blood sugar levels.

CFTR (Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator)
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, or CFTR, gene is directly related to a protein by the same name. Our bodies make protein from things like carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. The CFTR gene tells the body how to make CFTR protein. This CFTR protein hangs out on the surface of cells that line our lungs, digestive system and skin. If it has broken parts, or mutations, chloride (salt) can’t pass through normally, and the result is thick and sticky mucus in our lungs and digestive system.

Clubbing
People with CF sometimes have fingertips and toes that are larger and rounder than usual.

Diabetes
See CF-related diabetes.

Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS)
The large intestine does not function the right way in CF patients. Incompletely digested proteins, sugars and fats, and decreased water content result in very thick feces which can get stuck and block the intestines. Patients may feel abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Physical exam and X-rays of the abdomen can diagnose any blockages. Treatment depends upon how bad the obstruction is.

Enzyme
Enzymes are needed to digest food and absorb nutrients.  They are made by the pancreas. 

Epithelial cell
A kind of cell that lines the airways, intestines and other organs. A lining of epithelial cells is called and epithelium.

Expectorate
The process of removing mucus or sputum from the throat or lungs by coughing and spitting.

Flu
Flu is a contagious disease caused by the influenza virus.  It can cause bad lung problems for CF patients.