Treatment for CFRD
Monitoring Blood Sugars
Once CFRD is diagnosed, blood glucose levels should be monitored closely. A glucometer can measure blood sugar with a prick to the finger or arm. Blood sugar should be checked before and after meals to ensure you have enough insulin. An endocrinologist and the CF team will help you decide how often to check your blood sugar (suggested blood sugar goals are below).
Age
(years) | Before Eating
(no food for 2 hours) | Bedtime
(before bedtime snack) | | | mg/dL | mg/dL | | 5 to 12 | 80-120 | 100-160 | | 12 and up | 80-120 | 100-160 |
Medications
Insulin
Insulin is the mainstay of treatment for CFRD. This hormone lowers blood sugar levels. Your body needs a balance of food and insulin, which can be administered through an injection or pump, to work properly. Different types of insulin are used to treat CFRD. Your endocrinologist and the CF team will help you decide which combination is best for you. Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (pills)
The pills used to treat Type-2 diabetes have not been well-researched in treating CFRD. They are not usually recommended for CF patients, but this may change as more research is performed. Other Tests
Hemoglobin A1c
This blood test reflects blood sugar levels during the past three months, and should have a value of less than 7 percent. This helps the endocrinologist and CF team decide if the treatment plan is working. Urine Microalbumin
This test looks for small amounts of protein in the urine and determines how well your kidneys are functioning. Nutrition
Maintaining a normal, healthy diet and determining your correct amount of daily insulin are very important in managing CFRD. Regular sodas should be avoided because they are high in sugar and have little nutritional value. Your nutritionist can teach you how to count carbohydrates. Managing Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes, published by the CF Foundation, covers CFRD nutrition, low blood sugars, sick days and exercise. Contact your local CF care center or e-mail info@cff.org to request a copy. 
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