For CF patients, gastrointestinal (GI) complications may involve the pancreas, small intestine, liver, and large intestine. The main function of the GI tract is to digest food and remove waste products. There are many organs involved:
| Mouth | Glands secrete digestive enzymes that begin digestion. |
| Esophagus | Transports food from the mouth to the stomach. |
| Stomach | Secretes digestive enzymes and mechanically compresses the food. |
| Pancreas | Secretes enzymes for digestion and hormones regulating metabolism. |
| Liver | Filters the blood, removing toxins. |
| Gallbladder | Releases bile that aids in digestion. |
| Small intestine | Absorbs most of the nutrients from the digestion of food. |
| Large intestine | Reabsorbs water and forms feces. |