Nasal Steroids
Inhaled nasal steroids are effective in reducing inflammation in the sinuses and can be used for long periods of time. The onset of action is not as fast as decongestants, but inhaled nasal steroids provide continued relief. Decreasing inflammation decreases the swelling within the lining of the sinuses. Typically, nasal steroids are used once or twice daily, but they can be used as-needed.

Irrigation
Because the mucus within the sinuses does not drain easily, irrigation with saline can be a helpful. Irrigation saline can be purchased or made at home. The saline can be applied using a squeeze bottle that makes a mist. For older children and adults, nasal nebulizers are available. A Water Pic^® can be used, too.

Antibiotics
Antibiotics are required for treating an acute sinus infection. Symptoms include fever, post-nasal drip, congestion and/or sinus pain. The organisms that infect the sinuses are similar to those found in the lungs. Pseudomonas aeruginosa sinus infections are common in patients with cystic fibrosis, as well as bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Because the sinuses are difficult to penetrate with antibiotics, clearing infections from these tiny spaces can take several weeks. In some cases, intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.

Sinus Surgery
Sinus surgery, which allows the sinuses to drain and the removal of infectious material, is sometimes necessary when medical treatment doesn’t do the job. Sinus surgery is sometimes combined with the removal of polyps, which may interfere with breathing, cause pain, or contribute to infections. Unfortunately, nasal polyps frequently recur after removal.